Tousoulis, D;
Fountoulakis, P;
Oikonomou, E;
Antoniades, C;
Siasos, G;
Tsalamandris, S;
Georgiopoulos, G;
Pallantza, Z;
Pavlou, E;
Milliou, A;
et al.
Tousoulis, D; Fountoulakis, P; Oikonomou, E; Antoniades, C; Siasos, G; Tsalamandris, S; Georgiopoulos, G; Pallantza, Z; Pavlou, E; Milliou, A; Assimakopoulos, MN; Barmparesos, N; Giannarakis, I; Siamata, P; Kaski, JC
(2021)
Acute exposure to diesel affects inflammation and vascular function.
Eur J Prev Cardiol, 28 (11).
pp. 1192-1200.
ISSN 2047-4881
https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319898020
SGUL Authors: Kaski, Juan Carlos
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust fumes represent one of the most common toxic pollutants. The prolonged effects of acute exposure to this pollutant on inflammatory status and vascular properties are unknown. METHODS: During a 2-h session, 40 healthy subjects were exposed to diesel exhaust fumes and/or filtered air. Endothelial function was assessed with flow mediated dilation, arterial stiffness with pulse wave velocity and reflected waves with augmentation index. C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, protein C levels and protein S activity were also measured. Standard deviation of normal to normal R-R intervals (SDNN) was used to assess heart rate variability. Measurements were assessed before exposure and 2 and 24 h after diesel exposure. RESULTS: Compared with filtered air, exposure to diesel exhaust fumes decreased flow mediated dilation and increased pulse wave velocity and augmentation index up to 24 h after the exposure (p < 0.001 for all). Similarly, compared with filtered air, diesel exhaust exposure impaired SDNN during the 24-h study period (p = 0.007). C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased after diesel exhaust exposure while protein C levels and protein S activity decreased (p < 0.01 for all). Exposure to diesel exhaust fumes resulted in higher C-reactive protein concentration in smokers compared with non-smokers (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Short-term exposure to diesel exhaust fumes has a prolonged adverse impact on endothelial function and vascular wall properties, along with impaired heart rate variability, abnormal fibrinolytic activity and increased markers of inflammation. These findings give insights into the mechanisms underlining the increased cardiovascular risk of subjects regularly exposed to diesel exhaust fumes.
Item Type: | Article | ||||||||
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Additional Information: | This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in European Journal of Preventative Cardiology following peer review. The version of record Dimitris Tousoulis, Petros Fountoulakis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Charalambos Antoniades, Gerasimos Siasos, Sotirios Tsalamandris, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Zoi Pallantza, Efthimia Pavlou, Antigoni Milliou, Margarita N Assimakopoulos, Nikolaos Barmparesos, Ioannis Giannarakis, Pinelopi Siamata, Juan C Kaski, Acute exposure to diesel affects inflammation and vascular function, European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Volume 28, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1192–1200 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319898020 | ||||||||
Keywords: | Diesel exhaust fumes, endothelial function, inflammation, prothrombotic status, vascular wall properties, Diesel exhaust fumes, endothelial function, inflammation, prothrombotic status, vascular wall properties | ||||||||
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: | Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS) | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Eur J Prev Cardiol | ||||||||
ISSN: | 2047-4881 | ||||||||
Language: | eng | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Publisher License: | Publisher's own licence | ||||||||
PubMed ID: | 31995715 | ||||||||
Go to PubMed abstract | |||||||||
URI: | https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/111623 | ||||||||
Publisher's version: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319898020 |
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