Abstract

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a devastating and tragic occurrence that may affect individuals of all ages. It is defined as an unexpected death occurring within one hour of the onset of symptoms, if witnessed, or within 24 hours of last being seen alive and well, if unwitnessed. Athletes are considered to be the healthiest of all the population, and exercise is known to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. However, both amateur and highly trained athletes do die suddenly and unexpectedly, and this gets widespread media attention as it is so shocking and unexpected. This brings SCD, its frequency and causes into the spotlight. This review focuses on the epidemiology and aetiology of SCD in athletes from a pathological perspective.