Nguyen, TA;
Kim, HY;
Stocker, S;
Kidd, S;
Alastruey-Izquierdo, A;
Dao, A;
Harrison, T;
Wahyuningsih, R;
Rickerts, V;
Perfect, J;
et al.
Nguyen, TA; Kim, HY; Stocker, S; Kidd, S; Alastruey-Izquierdo, A; Dao, A; Harrison, T; Wahyuningsih, R; Rickerts, V; Perfect, J; Denning, DW; Nucci, M; Cassini, A; Beardsley, J; Gigante, V; Sati, H; Morrissey, CO; Alffenaar, J-W
(2024)
Pichia kudriavzevii (Candida krusei): A systematic review to inform the World Health Organisation priority list of fungal pathogens.
Med Mycol, 62 (6).
myad132.
ISSN 1460-2709
https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myad132
SGUL Authors: Harrison, Thomas Stephen
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Abstract
In response to the growing global threat of fungal infections, in 2020 the World Health Organisation (WHO) established an Expert Group to identify priority fungi and develop the first WHO fungal priority pathogen list (FPPL). The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the features and global impact of invasive infections caused by Pichia kudriavzevii (formerly known as Candida krusei). PubMed and Web of Science were used to identify studies published between 1 January 2011 and 18 February 2021 reporting on the criteria of mortality, morbidity (defined as hospitalisation and length of stay), drug resistance, preventability, yearly incidence, and distribution/emergence. Overall, 33 studies were evaluated. Mortality rates of up to 67% in adults were reported. Despite the intrinsic resistance of P. kudriavzevii to fluconazole with decreased susceptibility to amphotericin B, resistance (or non-wild-type rate) to other azoles and echinocandins was low, ranging between 0 and 5%. Risk factors for developing P. kudriavzevii infections included low birth weight, prior use of antibiotics/antifungals, and an underlying diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease or cancer. The incidence of infections caused by P. kudriavzevii is generally low (∼5% of all Candida-like blood isolates) and stable over the 10-year timeframe, although additional surveillance data are needed. Strategies targeting the identified risk factors for developing P. kudriavzevii infections should be developed and tested for effectiveness and feasibility of implementation. Studies presenting data on epidemiology and susceptibility of P. kudriavzevii were scarce, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, global surveillance systems are required to monitor the incidence, susceptibility, and morbidity of P. kudriavzevii invasive infections to inform diagnosis and treatment. Timely species-level identification and susceptibility testing should be conducted to reduce the high mortality and limit the spread of P. kudriavzevii in healthcare facilities.
Item Type: | Article | ||||||
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Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. | ||||||
Keywords: | Candida krusei, Pichia kudriavzevii, drug resistance, epidemiology, mortality, prevention, Humans, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Antifungal Agents, World Health Organization, Pichia, Incidence, Risk Factors, Candidiasis, Humans, Pichia, Candidiasis, Antifungal Agents, Incidence, Risk Factors, Drug Resistance, Fungal, World Health Organization, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Microbiology | ||||||
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: | Academic Structure > Infection and Immunity Research Institute (INII) Academic Structure > REF 2021 user group |
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Journal or Publication Title: | Med Mycol | ||||||
ISSN: | 1460-2709 | ||||||
Language: | eng | ||||||
Dates: |
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Publisher License: | Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 | ||||||
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PubMed ID: | 38935911 | ||||||
Go to PubMed abstract | |||||||
URI: | https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/116621 | ||||||
Publisher's version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myad132 |
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