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Association between use of novel glucose-lowering drugs and COVID-19 hospitalization and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide registry analysis.

Ferrannini, G; Lund, LH; Benson, L; Rizzo, M; Almahmeed, W; Rosano, GMC; Savarese, G; Cosentino, F (2023) Association between use of novel glucose-lowering drugs and COVID-19 hospitalization and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide registry analysis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother, 9 (1). pp. 10-17. ISSN 2055-6845 https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvac044
SGUL Authors: Rosano, Giuseppe Massimo Claudio

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Abstract

AIMS: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with worse prognosis. We separately investigated the associations between the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), and the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with T2DM registered in the Swedish National Patient Registry and alive on 1st February 2020 were included. "Incident severe COVID-19" was defined as the first hospitalization and/or death from COVID-19. A modified Poisson regression approach was applied to a 1:1 propensity score-matched population receiving vs. not receiving SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA and DPP-4i to analyze the associations between their use and I) incident severe COVID-19, II) risk of 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.Among 344,413 patients, 39,172 (11%) were treated with SGLT2i, 34,290 (10%) with GLP-1 RA and 53,044 (15%) with DPP-4i; 9,538 (2.8%) had incident severe COVID-19 by 15th May 2021. SGLT2i and DPP-4i were associated with a 10% and 11% higher risk of incident severe COVID-19, respectively, whereas there was no association for GLP-1 RA. DPP-4i were also associated with a 10% higher 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19, whereas there was no association for SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA. CONCLUSION: SGLT2i and DPP-4i use was associated with higher risk of incident severe COVID-19. DPP-4i use was associated with higher 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19, whereas SGLT2i use was not. No increased risk for any outcome was observed with GLP-1 RA.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords: COVID-19, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, hospitalization, mortality, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother
ISSN: 2055-6845
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
January 2023Published
13 August 2022Published Online
9 August 2022Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
PubMed ID: 35963647
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/114747
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvac044

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