Simmons, B;
Ariyoshi, K;
Ohmagari, N;
Pulcini, C;
Huttner, B;
Gandra, S;
Satta, G;
Moja, L;
Sharland, M;
Magrini, N;
et al.
Simmons, B; Ariyoshi, K; Ohmagari, N; Pulcini, C; Huttner, B; Gandra, S; Satta, G; Moja, L; Sharland, M; Magrini, N; Miraldo, M; Cooke, G
(2021)
Progress towards antibiotic use targets in eight high-income countries.
Bull World Health Organ, 99 (8).
pp. 550-561.
ISSN 1564-0604
https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.270934
SGUL Authors: Sharland, Michael Roy
Abstract
Objective: To compare antibiotic sales in eight high-income countries using the 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification and the target of 60% consumption of Access category antibiotics. Methods: We analysed data from a commercial database of sales of systemic antibiotics in France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and United States of America over the years 2013-2018. We classified antibiotics according to the 2019 AWaRe categories: Access, Watch, Reserve and Not Recommended. We measured antibiotic sales per capita in standard units (SU) per capita and calculated Access group sales as a percentage of total antibiotic sales. Findings: In 2018, per capita antibiotic sales ranged from 7.4 SU (Switzerland) to 20.0 SU (France); median sales of Access group antibiotics were 10.9 SU per capita (range: 3.5-15.0). Per capita sales declined moderately over 2013-2018. The median percentage of Access group antibiotics was 68% (range: 22-77 %); the Access group proportion increased in most countries between 2013 and 2018. Five countries exceeded the 60% target; two countries narrowly missed it (> 55% in Germany and Italy). Sales of Access antibiotics in Japan were low (22%), driven by relatively high sales of oral cephalosporins and macrolides. Conclusion: We have identified changes to prescribing that could allow countries to achieve the WHO target. The 60% Access group target provides a framework to inform national antibiotic policies and could be complemented by absolute measures and more ambitious values in specific settings.
Item Type: |
Article
|
Additional Information: |
Copyright (c) 2021 The authors; licensee World Health Organization.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution IGO License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In any reproduction of this article there should not be any suggestion that WHO or this article endorse any specific organization or products. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article's original URL. |
Keywords: |
Tropical Medicine, 11 Medical and Health Sciences |
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: |
Academic Structure > Infection and Immunity Research Institute (INII) |
Journal or Publication Title: |
Bull World Health Organ |
ISSN: |
1564-0604 |
Language: |
eng |
Dates: |
Date | Event |
---|
1 August 2021 | Published | 29 April 2021 | Published Online | 29 March 2021 | Accepted |
|
Publisher License: |
Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 IGO |
PubMed ID: |
34354310 |
![](http://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/2745237/img/27842) |
Go to PubMed abstract |
URI: |
https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/113585 |
Publisher's version: |
https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.270934 |
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