Bax, BE
(2020)
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy: approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
Journal of Translational Genetics and Genomics, 4.
pp. 1-16.
ISSN 2578-5281
https://doi.org/10.20517/jtgg.2020.08
SGUL Authors: Bax, Bridget Elizabeth
Abstract
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is an ultra-rare disease caused by mutations in TYMP, the gene encoding for the enzyme thymidine phosphorylase. The resulting enzyme deficiency leads to a systemic accumulation of thymidine and 2’-deoxyuridine and ultimately mitochondrial failure due to a progressive acquisition of secondary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and mtDNA depletion. MNGIE is characterised by gastrointestinal dysmotility, cachexia, peripheral neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis and leukoencephalopathy. The disease is progressively degenerative and leads to death at an average age of 37.6 years. Patients invariably encounter misdiagnoses, diagnostic delays, and non-specific clinical management. Despite its rarity, MNGIE has invoked much interest in the development of therapeutic strategies, mainly because it is one of the few mitochondrial disorders where the molecular abnormality is metabolically and physically accessible to manipulation. This review provides a résumé of the current diagnosis and treatment approaches and aims to increase the clinical awareness of MNGIE and thereby facilitate early diagnosis and timely access to treatments, before the development of untreatable and irreversible organ damage.
Item Type: |
Article
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Additional Information: |
© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: |
Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS) |
Journal or Publication Title: |
Journal of Translational Genetics and Genomics |
ISSN: |
2578-5281 |
Dates: |
Date | Event |
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6 March 2020 | Published | 27 February 2020 | Accepted |
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Publisher License: |
Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 |
Projects: |
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URI: |
https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/111769 |
Publisher's version: |
https://doi.org/10.20517/jtgg.2020.08 |
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