Jabbar-Lopez, ZK;
Craven, J;
Logan, K;
Greenblatt, D;
Marrs, T;
Radulovic, S;
McLean, WHI;
Lack, G;
Strachan, DP;
Perkin, MR;
et al.
Jabbar-Lopez, ZK; Craven, J; Logan, K; Greenblatt, D; Marrs, T; Radulovic, S; McLean, WHI; Lack, G; Strachan, DP; Perkin, MR; Peacock, JL; Flohr, C
(2020)
Longitudinal analysis of the effect of water hardness on atopic eczema: evidence for gene-environment interaction.
Br J Dermatol, 183 (2).
pp. 285-293.
ISSN 1365-2133
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18597
SGUL Authors: Strachan, David Peter
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several studies have identified an association between water hardness and atopic eczema (AE), however, there is a paucity of longitudinal data in early life. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether water hardness is associated with an increased risk of AE and skin barrier dysfunction in infants and to assess effect modification by filaggrin (FLG) loss-of-function variants. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal analysis of data from infants in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, who were enrolled at 3 months and followed up until 36 months of age. RESULTS: Of 1,303 infants enrolled in the EAT study, 91.3% (n=1,189) attended the final clinic visit and 94.0% (n=1,225) of participants' families completed the 36-month questionnaire. Of these, 761 (58.4%) developed AE by 36 months. There was no overall association between exposure to harder (>255 mg/L calcium carbonate [CaCO3 ]) versus softer (≤255 mg/L CaCO3 ) water: Adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.07 95% CI 0.92, 1.24. However, there was an increased incidence of AE in infants with FLG mutations exposed to hard water: adjusted HR 2.72 95% CI 2.03, 3.66, with a statistically significant interaction between hard water, FLG and risk of AE (HR 2.72 95% CI 2.03, 3.66) and TEWL (0.0081 g/m2 /h per mg/L CaCO3 95% CI 0.00028, 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence of an interaction between water hardness and FLG gene mutations in the development of infantile AE.
Item Type: |
Article
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Additional Information: |
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Jabbar‐Lopez, Z., Craven, J., Logan, K., Greenblatt, D., Marrs, T., Radulovic, S., McLean, W., Lack, G., Strachan, D., Perkin, M., Peacock, J. and Flohr, C. (2020), Longitudinal analysis of the effect of water hardness on atopic eczema: evidence for gene–environment interaction. Br J Dermatol, 183: 285-293, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18597. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. |
Keywords: |
filaggrin, Atopic dermatitis, atopic eczema, eczema, water hardness, 1103 Clinical Sciences, 1112 Oncology And Carcinogenesis, Dermatology & Venereal Diseases |
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: |
Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH) |
Journal or Publication Title: |
Br J Dermatol |
ISSN: |
1365-2133 |
Language: |
eng |
Dates: |
Date | Event |
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2 August 2020 | Published | 22 December 2019 | Published Online | 5 October 2019 | Accepted |
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Publisher License: |
Publisher's own licence |
Projects: |
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PubMed ID: |
31599965 |
![](http://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/2745237/img/27842) |
Go to PubMed abstract |
URI: |
https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/111315 |
Publisher's version: |
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18597 |
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