Zhang, Y;
Clausmeyer, J;
Babakinejad, B;
Córdoba, AL;
Ali, T;
Shevchuk, A;
Takahashi, Y;
Novak, P;
Edwards, C;
Lab, M;
et al.
Zhang, Y; Clausmeyer, J; Babakinejad, B; Córdoba, AL; Ali, T; Shevchuk, A; Takahashi, Y; Novak, P; Edwards, C; Lab, M; Gopal, S; Chiappini, C; Anand, U; Magnani, L; Coombes, RC; Gorelik, J; Matsue, T; Schuhmann, W; Klenerman, D; Sviderskaya, EV; Korchev, Y
(2016)
Spearhead Nanometric Field-Effect Transistor Sensors for Single-Cell Analysis.
ACS Nano, 10 (3).
pp. 3214-3221.
ISSN 1936-086X
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b05211
SGUL Authors: Sviderskaya, Elena Vladimirovna
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Abstract
Nanometric field-effect-transistor (FET) sensors are made on the tip of spear-shaped dual carbon nanoelectrodes derived from carbon deposition inside double-barrel nanopipettes. The easy fabrication route allows deposition of semiconductors or conducting polymers to comprise the transistor channel. A channel from electrodeposited poly pyrrole (PPy) exhibits high sensitivity toward pH changes. This property is exploited by immobilizing hexokinase on PPy nano-FETs to give rise to a selective ATP biosensor. Extracellular pH and ATP gradients are key biochemical constituents in the microenvironment of living cells; we monitor their real-time changes in relation to cancer cells and cardiomyocytes. The highly localized detection is possible because of the high aspect ratio and the spear-like design of the nano-FET probes. The accurately positioned nano-FET sensors can detect concentration gradients in three-dimensional space, identify biochemical properties of a single living cell, and after cell membrane penetration perform intracellular measurements.
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