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Stanniocalcin-1 in the female reproductive system and pregnancy.

Bishop, A; Cartwright, JE; Whitley, GS (2021) Stanniocalcin-1 in the female reproductive system and pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update, 27 (6). pp. 1098-1114. ISSN 1460-2369 https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmab028
SGUL Authors: Whitley, Guy St John

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a widely expressed glycoprotein hormone involved in a diverse spectrum of physiological and pathophysiological processes including angiogenesis, mineral homeostasis, cell proliferation, inflammation and apoptosis. Over the last 20 years, numerous studies have reported STC-1 expression within female reproductive tissues including the uterus, ovaries and placenta and implicated STC-1 in processes such as ovarian follicular development, blastocyst implantation, vascular remodelling in early pregnancy and placental development. Notably, dysregulation of STC-1 within reproductive tissues has been linked to the onset of severe reproductive disorders including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, poor trophoblast invasion and placental perfusion in early pregnancy. Furthermore, significant changes in tissue expression and in maternal systemic concentration take place throughout pregnancy and further substantiate the vital role of this protein in reproductive health and disease. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature, to summarise the expression profile and roles of STC-1 within the female reproductive system and its associated pathologies. We highlight the gaps in the current knowledge and suggest potential avenues for future research. SEARCH METHODS: Relevant studies were identified through searching the PubMed database using the following search terms: 'stanniocalcin-1', 'placenta', 'ovary', 'endometrium', 'pregnancy', 'reproduction', 'early gestation'. Only English language papers published between 1995 and 2020 were included. OUTCOMES: This review provides compelling evidence of the vital function that STC-1 plays within the female reproductive system. The literature presented summarise the wide expression profile of STC-1 within female reproductive organs, as well as highlighting the putative roles of STC-1 in various functions in the reproductive system. Moreover, the observed link between altered STC-1 expression and the onset of various reproductive pathologies is presented, including those in pregnancy whose aetiology occurs in the first trimester. This summary emphasises the requirement for further studies on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of STC-1 expression and function. WIDER IMPLICATIONS: STC-1 is a pleiotropic hormone involved in the regulation of a number of important biological functions needed to maintain female reproductive health. There is also growing evidence that dysregulation of STC-1 is implicated in common reproductive and obstetric disorders. Greater understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of STC-1 within the field may therefore identify possible targets for therapeutic intervention and/or diagnosis.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
Keywords: STC1, decidualisation, endometrium, implantation, ovary, placenta, pregnancy, reproduction, stanniocalcin-1, uterus, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Hum Reprod Update
ISSN: 1460-2369
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
November 2021Published
25 August 2021Published Online
28 July 2021Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
FS/17/72/33181British Heart Foundationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000274
UNSPECIFIEDHigher Education Funding Council for Englandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000384
PubMed ID: 34432025
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/113605
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmab028

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