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How to Train Your Dragon: Harnessing Gamma Delta T Cells Antiviral Functions and Trained Immunity in a Pandemic Era.

Caron, J; Ridgley, LA; Bodman-Smith, M (2021) How to Train Your Dragon: Harnessing Gamma Delta T Cells Antiviral Functions and Trained Immunity in a Pandemic Era. Front Immunol, 12. p. 666983. ISSN 1664-3224 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666983
SGUL Authors: Bodman-Smith, Mark Duncan

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Abstract

The emergence of viruses with pandemic potential such as the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causing COVID-19 poses a global health challenge. There is remarkable progress in vaccine technology in response to this threat, but their design often overlooks the innate arm of immunity. Gamma Delta (γδ) T cells are a subset of T cells with unique features that gives them a key role in the innate immune response to a variety of homeostatic alterations, from cancer to microbial infections. In the context of viral infection, a growing body of evidence shows that γδ T cells are particularly equipped for early virus detection, which triggers their subsequent activation, expansion and the fast deployment of antiviral functions such as direct cytotoxic pathways, secretion of cytokines, recruitment and activation of other immune cells and mobilization of a trained immunity memory program. As such, γδ T cells represent an attractive target to stimulate for a rapid and effective resolution of viral infections. Here, we review the known aspects of γδ T cells that make them crucial component of the immune response to viruses, and the ways that their antiviral potential can be harnessed to prevent or treat viral infection.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Copyright © 2021 Caron, Ridgley and Bodman-Smith. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Keywords: BCG, COVID-19, antiviral, gamma delta T cell, innate immunity, trained immunity, vaccine, virus, Adaptive Immunity, Animals, COVID-19, Combined Modality Therapy, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Disease Management, Disease Susceptibility, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta, Receptors, Immunologic, SARS-CoV-2, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Animals, Humans, Disease Susceptibility, Receptors, Immunologic, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta, Combined Modality Therapy, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Disease Management, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Immunity, Innate, Adaptive Immunity, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Infection and Immunity Research Institute (INII)
Journal or Publication Title: Front Immunol
ISSN: 1664-3224
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
29 March 2021Published
12 March 2021Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
PubMed ID: 33854516
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/113206
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666983

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