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A critical analysis of the tools to evaluate neuropsychiatric lupus.

Clark, KEN; Clark, CN; Rahman, A (2017) A critical analysis of the tools to evaluate neuropsychiatric lupus. Lupus, 26 (5). pp. 504-509. ISSN 1477-0962 https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203317690242
SGUL Authors: Clark, Camilla Neegaard

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Abstract

Neuropsychiatric symptoms occur commonly in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, but they are not always due to active disease. It is crucial to identify cases that are due to active systemic lupus erythematosus so that appropriate treatment can be instituted. There is no single serological or imaging test that distinguishes active neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus from neuropsychiatric manifestations caused by other factors such as infection. Most patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus have generalised features of disease activity. Raised anti-dsDNA and low C3 complement levels are often seen, but are not an invariable guide. The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is more suggestive of thrombotic than inflammatory causation. A number of other autoantibody tests have been proposed as biomarkers for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, but results in clinical studies have been inconsistent and none has so far entered routine clinical practice. Cerebrospinal fluid features and magnetic resonance imaging appearances are non-specific in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, but are useful in excluding other causes of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Newer magnetic resonance imaging sequences show promise for distinguishing new neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus activity from previous damage and recent research suggests these may correlate with changes in cognitive function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. However, formal cognitive testing is seldom carried out in the acute setting.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Clark, KEN; Clark, CN; Rahman, A, A critical analysis of the tools to evaluate neuropsychiatric lupus, Lupus 26 (5). pp. 504-509. Copyright © 2017 (The Author(s)). DOI: 10.1177/0961203317690242.
Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, autoantibodies, magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychiatric, Cognitive Dysfunction, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuroimaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Humans, Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Diagnosis, Differential, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Male, Neuroimaging, Cognitive Dysfunction, Systemic lupus erythematosus, neuropsychiatric, autoantibodies, magnetic resonance imaging, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Arthritis & Rheumatology
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Lupus
ISSN: 1477-0962
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
April 2017Published
10 April 2017Published Online
Publisher License: Publisher's own licence
PubMed ID: 28394235
Web of Science ID: WOS:000399303800009
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/112237
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203317690242

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