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Biomarkers in Painful Symptomatic Knee OA Demonstrate That MRI Assessed Joint Damage and Type II Collagen Degradation Products Are Linked to Disease Progression

Sofat, N; Ejindu, V; Heron, C; Harrison, A; Koushesh, S; Assi, L; Kuttapitiya, A; Whitley, G; Howe, F (2019) Biomarkers in Painful Symptomatic Knee OA Demonstrate That MRI Assessed Joint Damage and Type II Collagen Degradation Products Are Linked to Disease Progression. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 13. p. 1016. ISSN 1662-453X https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01016
SGUL Authors: Howe, Franklyn Arron Sofat, Nidhi Whitley, Guy St John Koushesh, Soraya

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Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent arthritis worldwide, but the evolution of pain in relation to joint damage and biochemical markers are not well understood. We evaluated the relation between clinical pain measures and evoked pain in relation to structural damage and biochemical biomarkers in knee OA. Methods: A cross-sectional study in people with knee OA and healthy controls was conducted. A total of 130 participants with advanced OA requiring total knee replacement (TKR) (n = 78), mild OA having standard care (n = 42) and non-OA controls (n = 6), with four drop-outs were assessed. Pain scoring was performed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC_P) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Pain sensitization was assessed by pain pressure thresholds (PPTs). Knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessed joint damage using the MRI Knee OA Score (MOAKS). Overall MOAKS scores were created for bone marrow lesions (BMLs), cartilage degradation (CD), and effusion/Hoffa synovitis (tSyn). Type II collagen cleavage products (CTX-II) were determined by ELISA. Results: The advanced OA group had a mean age of 68.9 ± 7.7 years and the mild group 63.1 ± 9.6. The advanced OA group had higher levels of pain, with mean WOMAC_P of 58.8 ± 21.7 compared with the mild OA group of 40.6 ± 26.0. All OA subjects had pain sensitization by PPT compared with controls (p < 0.05). WOMAC_P correlated with the total number of regions with cartilage damage (nCD) (R = 0.225, p = 0.033) and total number of BMLs (nBML) (R = 0.195, p = 0.065) using body mass index (BMI), age, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) as covariates. Levels of CTX-II correlated with tSyn (R = 0.313, p = 0.03), nBML (R = 0.252, p = 0.019), number of osteophytes (R = 0.33, p = 0.002), and nCD (R = 0.218, p = 0.042), using BMI and age as covariates. A multivariate analysis indicated that BMI and HADS were the most significant predictors of pain scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: People with both mild and advanced OA show features of pain sensitization. We found that increasing MRI-detected joint damage was associated with higher levels of CTX-II, suggesting that increasing disease severity can be assessed by MRI and CTX-II biomarkers to evaluate OA disease progression.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Copyright © 2019 Sofat, Ejindu, Heron, Harrison, Koushesh, Assi, Kuttapitiya, Whitley and Howe. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Keywords: 1109 Neurosciences, 1702 Cognitive Science
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Infection and Immunity Research Institute (INII)
Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Frontiers in Neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-453X
Dates:
DateEvent
15 October 2019Published
6 September 2019Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
204809/Z/16/ZWellcome Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004440
M11-F2Rosetrees Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000833
UNSPECIFIEDNational Institute for Health Researchhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000272
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/111264
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01016

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