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De novo single-nucleotide and copy number variation in discordant monozygotic twins reveals disease-related genes.

Vadgama, N; Pittman, A; Simpson, M; Nirmalananthan, N; Murray, R; Yoshikawa, T; De Rijk, P; Rees, E; Kirov, G; Hughes, D; et al. Vadgama, N; Pittman, A; Simpson, M; Nirmalananthan, N; Murray, R; Yoshikawa, T; De Rijk, P; Rees, E; Kirov, G; Hughes, D; Fitzgerald, T; Kristiansen, M; Pearce, K; Cerveira, E; Zhu, Q; Zhang, C; Lee, C; Hardy, J; Nasir, J (2019) De novo single-nucleotide and copy number variation in discordant monozygotic twins reveals disease-related genes. Eur J Hum Genet, 27 (7). pp. 1121-1133. ISSN 1476-5438 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-019-0376-7
SGUL Authors: Pittman, Alan Michael

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Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated genetic differences between monozygotic (MZ) twins. To test the hypothesis that early post-twinning mutational events associate with phenotypic discordance, we investigated a cohort of 13 twin pairs (n = 26) discordant for various clinical phenotypes using whole-exome sequencing and screened for copy number variation (CNV). We identified a de novo variant in PLCB1, a gene involved in the hydrolysis of lipid phosphorus in milk from dairy cows, associated with lactase non-persistence, and a variant in the mitochondrial complex I gene MT-ND5 associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We also found somatic variants in multiple genes (TMEM225B, KBTBD3, TUBGCP4, TFIP11) in another MZ twin pair discordant for ALS. Based on the assumption that discordance between twins could be explained by a common variant with variable penetrance or expressivity, we screened the twin samples for known pathogenic variants that are shared and identified a rare deletion overlapping ARHGAP11B, in the twin pair manifesting with either schizotypal personality disorder or schizophrenia. Parent-offspring trio analysis was implemented for two twin pairs to assess potential association of variants of parental origin with susceptibility to disease. We identified a de novo variant in RASD2 shared by 8-year-old male twins with a suspected diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) manifesting as different traits. A de novo CNV duplication was also identified in these twins overlapping CD38, a gene previously implicated in ASD. In twins discordant for Tourette's syndrome, a paternally inherited stop loss variant was detected in AADAC, a known candidate gene for the disorder.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in European Journal of Human Genetics. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-019-0376-7
Keywords: 0604 Genetics, Genetics & Heredity
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Eur J Hum Genet
ISSN: 1476-5438
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
July 2019Published
18 March 2019Published Online
1 March 2019Accepted
Publisher License: Publisher's own licence
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
UNSPECIFIEDLeverhulme Trade Charities TrustUNSPECIFIED
UNSPECIFIEDDowager Countess Eleanor Peel Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000832
PubMed ID: 30886340
Web of Science ID: WOS:000471871000014
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/111184
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-019-0376-7

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