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Associations between daily mortality in London and combined oxidant capacity, ozone and nitrogen dioxide.

Williams, ML; Atkinson, RW; Anderson, HR; Kelly, FJ (2014) Associations between daily mortality in London and combined oxidant capacity, ozone and nitrogen dioxide. Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 7 (4). pp. 407-414. ISSN 1873-9318 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-014-0249-8
SGUL Authors: Anderson, Hugh Ross Atkinson, Richard William

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Abstract

Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) are powerful oxidants in ambient air that are intimately linked through atmospheric chemistry and which continuously interchange over very short timescales. Based upon atmospheric chemistry alone, there is a strong, a priori, reason for considering O3 and NO2 together in epidemiological studies, rather than either of the two pollutants separately in single-pollutant models. This paper compares two approaches to this, using Ox, defined as O3 + NO2, as a single metric and also using O3 and NO2 together in two-pollutant models. We hypothesised that the magnitude of the association between Ox and daily mortality would be greater than for NO2 and O3 individually. Using collocated hourly measurements for O3 and NO2 in London, from 2000 to 2005, we carried out a time series analysis of daily mortality. We investigated O3, NO2 and Ox individually in single-pollutant Poisson regression models and NO2 and O3 jointly in two-pollutant models in both all-year and season-specific analyses. We observed larger associations for mean 24-h concentrations of Ox (1.30 % increase in mortality per 10 ppb) than for O3 (0.87 %) and NO2 (0 %) individually. However, when analysed jointly in two-pollutant models, associations for O3 (1.54 %) and NO2 (1.07 %) were comparable to the Ox association. Season-specific analyses broadly followed this pattern irrespective of whether the Ox concentrations were driven by O3 production (summer) or depletion (winter). This novel approach in air pollution epidemiology captures the simultaneous impact of both oxidants whilst avoiding many of the statistical issues associated with two-pollutant models and potentially simplifies health impact calculations.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: ©The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
Keywords: Mortality, Nitrogen dioxide, Oxidants, Ozone, Time series, 1117 Public Health And Health Services
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH)
Journal or Publication Title: Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health
ISSN: 1873-9318
Language: ENG
Dates:
DateEvent
2014Published
PubMed ID: 25431629
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/107228
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-014-0249-8

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