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Perioperative Cerebral Microbleeds After Adult Cardiac Surgery.

Patel, N; Banahan, C; Janus, J; Horsfield, MA; Cox, A; Li, X; Cappellugola, L; Colman, J; Egan, V; Garrard, P; et al. Patel, N; Banahan, C; Janus, J; Horsfield, MA; Cox, A; Li, X; Cappellugola, L; Colman, J; Egan, V; Garrard, P; Chung, EML (2019) Perioperative Cerebral Microbleeds After Adult Cardiac Surgery. Stroke, 50 (2). pp. 336-343. ISSN 1524-4628 https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023355
SGUL Authors: Patel, Nikil

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Abstract

Background and Purpose- Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) have been observed using magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, cognitive deterioration, small vessel disease, and dementia. They are a well-known consequence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, chronic hypertension, and diffuse axonal injury, among other causes. However, the frequency and location of new CMBs postadult cardiac surgery, in association with cognition and perioperative risk factors, have yet to be studied. Methods- Pre- and postsurgery magnetic resonance susceptibility-weighted images and neuropsychological tests were analyzed from a total of 75 patients undergoing cardiac surgery (70 men; mean age, 63±10 years). CMBs were identified by a neuroradiologist blinded to clinical details who independently assessed the presence and location of CMBs using standardized criteria. Results- New CMBs were identified in 76% of patients after cardiac surgery. The majority of new CMBs were located in the frontal lobe (46%) followed by the parietal lobe (15%), cerebellum (13%), occipital lobe (12%), and temporal lobe (8%). Patients with new CMBs typically began with a higher prevalence of preexisting CMBs ( P=0.02). New CMBs were associated with longer cardiopulmonary bypass times ( P=0.003), and there was a borderline association with lower percentage hematocrit ( P=0.04). Logistic regression analysis suggested a ≈2% increase in the odds of acquiring new CMBs during cardiac surgery for every minute of bypass time (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05; P=0.04). Postoperative neuropsychological decline was observed in 44% of patients and seemed to be unrelated to new CMBs. Conclusions- New CMBs identified using susceptibility-weighted images were found in 76% of patients who underwent cardiac surgery. CMBs were globally distributed with the highest numbers in the frontal and parietal lobes. Our regression analysis indicated that length of cardiopulmonary bypass time and lowered hematocrit may be significant predictors for new CMBs after cardiac surgery. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.isrctn.com . Unique identifier: 66022965.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © 2018 The Authors. Stroke is published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
Keywords: cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, cerebellum, cognition, hemorrhage, magnetic resonance imaging, 1103 Clinical Sciences, 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology, 1109 Neurosciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Stroke
ISSN: 1524-4628
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
February 2019Published
21 December 2018Published Online
8 November 2018Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
FS/10/46/288350British Heart Foundationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000274
EP/L025884/1Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
PubMed ID: 30572811
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/110587
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023355

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