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Dietary energy intake is associated with type 2 diabetes risk markers in children.

Donin, AS; Nightingale, CM; Owen, CG; Rudnicka, AR; Jebb, SA; Ambrosini, GL; Stephen, AM; Cook, DG; Whincup, PH (2014) Dietary energy intake is associated with type 2 diabetes risk markers in children. Diabetes Care, 37 (1). pp. 116-123. ISSN 1935-5548 https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-1263
SGUL Authors: Cook, Derek Gordon Nightingale, Claire Owen, Christopher Grant Rudnicka, Alicja Regina Whincup, Peter Hynes Donin, Angela

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE Energy intake, energy density, and nutrient intakes are implicated in type 2 diabetes risk in adults, but little is known about their influence on emerging type 2 diabetes risk in childhood. We examined these associations in a multiethnic population of children. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 2,017 children predominantly of white European, South Asian, and black African-Caribbean origin aged 9-10 years who had a detailed 24-h dietary recall and measurements of body composition and provided a fasting blood sample for measurements of plasma glucose, HbA1c, and serum insulin; homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was also derived. RESULTS Energy intake was positively associated with insulin resistance. After the removal of 176 participants with implausible energy intakes (unlikely to be representative of habitual intake), energy intake was more strongly associated with insulin resistance and was also associated with glucose and fat mass index. Energy density was also positively associated with insulin resistance and fat mass index. However, in mutually adjusted analyses, the associations for energy intake remained while those for energy density became nonsignificant. Individual nutrient intakes showed no associations with type 2 diabetes risk markers. CONCLUSIONS Higher total energy intake was strongly associated with high levels of insulin resistance and may help to explain emerging type 2 diabetes risk in childhood. Studies are needed to establish whether reducing energy intake produces sustained favorable changes in insulin resistance and circulating glucose levels.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © 2014 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
Keywords: Adipose Tissue, Blood Glucose, Child, Continental Population Groups, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Energy Intake, Fasting, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Nutritional Status, Risk Factors, Adipose Tissue, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin Resistance, Insulin, Blood Glucose, Diet, Fasting, Risk Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, Energy Intake, Nutritional Status, Child, Continental Population Groups, Female, Male, Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism, ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, WHITE EUROPEAN ORIGIN, BLACK-AFRICAN, ENGLAND CHASE, UK CHILDREN, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, METABOLIC SYNDROME, WOMENS HEALTH, WEIGHT-LOSS, MELLITUS, HEART, Endocrinology & Metabolism, 11 Medical And Health Sciences
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH)
Journal or Publication Title: Diabetes Care
ISSN: 1935-5548
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
1 January 2014Published
12 August 2013Published Online
3 August 2013Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
068362/Z/02/ZWellcome Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004440
MC_U105960389Medical Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265
UNSPECIFIEDCancer Research UKhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000289
G0501295Medical Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265
11/0004317Diabetes UKhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000361
PubMed ID: 23939542
Web of Science ID: WOS:000328676000030
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/109808
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-1263

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