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Is Cerebroplacental Ratio A Marker of Impaired Fetal Growth Velocity and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome?

Khalil, A; Morales-Rosello, J; Khan, N; Nath, M; Agarwal, P; Bhide, A; Papageorghiou, A; Thilaganathan, B (2017) Is Cerebroplacental Ratio A Marker of Impaired Fetal Growth Velocity and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome? Am J Obstet Gynecol, 216 (6). 606.e1-606.e10. ISSN 1097-6868 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2017.02.005
SGUL Authors: Papageorghiou, Aris Bhide, Amarnath Khalil, Asma

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The cerebroplacental ratio has been proposed as a marker of failure to reach growth potential near term. Low cerebroplacental ratio, regardless of the fetal size, is independently associated with the need for operative delivery for presumed fetal compromise and with neonatal unit admission at term. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study was to evaluate whether the cerebroplacental ratio at term is a marker of reduced fetal growth rate. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between low cerebroplacental ratio at term, reduced fetal growth velocity and adverse pregnancy outcome. DESIGN: retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies in a tertiary referral center. The abdominal circumference was measured at 20-24 weeks' gestation, and both abdominal circumference and fetal Dopplers recorded at or beyond 35 weeks, within two weeks of delivery. Abdominal circumference and birthweight values were converted into Z scores and centiles, respectively, and fetal Doppler parameters into multiples of median, adjusting for gestational age. Abdominal circumference growth velocity was quantified using the difference in abdominal circumference Z score, comparing the scan at or beyond 35 weeks with the scan at 20-24 weeks. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between low cerebroplacental ratio, low abdominal circumference growth velocity (in the lowest decile), and to identify and adjust for potential confounders. As a sensitivity analysis, we refitted the model excluding the data on pregnancies with small for gestational age neonates. RESULTS: The study included 7944 pregnancies. Low cerebroplacental ratio multiples of median was significantly associated with both low abdominal circumference growth velocity (adjusted OR 2.10; 95%CI 1.71-2.57, p<0.001) and small for gestational age (adjusted OR 3.60; 95%CI 3.04-4.25, p<0.001). After the exclusion of pregnancies resulting in small for gestational age neonates, low cerebroplacental ratio multiples of median remained significantly associated with both low abdominal circumference growth velocity (adjusted OR 1.76; 95%CI 1.34-2.30, p<0.001) and birthweight centile (adjusted OR 0.99; 95%CI 0.998-0.995, p<0.001). The need for operative delivery for fetal compromise was significantly associated with low cerebroplacental ratio (adjusted OR 1.40; 95%CI 1.10-1.78, p=0.006), even after adjusting for both the umbilical artery pulsatility index multiples of median and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index multiples of median. The results were similar even after the exclusion of pregnancies resulting in small for gestational age neonates (adjusted OR 1.39; 95%CI 1.06-1.84, p=0.018). Low cerebroplacental ratio multiples of median remained significantly associated with the risk of operative delivery for presumed fetal compromise (p<0.001), even after adjusting for the known antenatal and intrapartum risk factors. These associations persisted even after exclusion of small for gestational age births. In appropriate for gestational age sized fetuses, abdominal circumference growth velocity was significantly lower in those with low cerebroplacental ratio multiples of median than in those with normal cerebroplacental ratio multiples of median (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Cerebroplacental ratio is a marker of impaired fetal growth velocity and adverse pregnancy outcome, even in fetuses whose size is considered appropriate using conventional biometry.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © 2017. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Keywords: Abdominal circumference, adverse pregnancy outcome, birthweight, cerebroplacental ratio, fetal growth restriction, growth velocity, impaired, lowest decile, second trimester, small for gestational age, third trimester, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, 1114 Paediatrics And Reproductive Medicine
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Institute of Medical & Biomedical Education (IMBE)
Academic Structure > Institute of Medical & Biomedical Education (IMBE) > Centre for Clinical Education (INMECE )
Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: Am J Obstet Gynecol
ISSN: 1097-6868
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
June 2017Published
8 February 2017Published Online
1 February 2017Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0
PubMed ID: 28189607
Web of Science ID: WOS:000374757200015
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/108123
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2017.02.005

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