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Social Class Differences in Secular Trends in Established Coronary Risk Factors over 20 Years: A Cohort Study of British Men from 1978-80 to 1998-2000.

Ramsay, SE; Whincup, PH; Hardoon, SL; Lennon, LT; Morris, RW; Wannamethee, SG (2011) Social Class Differences in Secular Trends in Established Coronary Risk Factors over 20 Years: A Cohort Study of British Men from 1978-80 to 1998-2000. PLOS ONE, 6 (5). e19742. ISSN 1932-6203 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019742
SGUL Authors: Whincup, Peter Hynes

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in the UK since the late 1970s has declined more markedly among higher socioeconomic groups. However, little is known about changes in coronary risk factors in different socioeconomic groups. This study examined whether changes in established coronary risk factors in Britain over 20 years between 1978-80 and 1998-2000 differed between socioeconomic groups. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A socioeconomically representative cohort of 7735 British men aged 40-59 years was followed-up from 1978-80 to 1998-2000; data on blood pressure (BP), cholesterol, body mass index (BMI) and cigarette smoking were collected at both points in 4252 survivors. Social class was based on longest-held occupation in middle-age. Compared with men in non-manual occupations, men in manual occupations experienced a greater increase in BMI (mean difference = 0.33 kg/m(2); 95%CI 0.14-0.53; p for interaction = 0.001), a smaller decline in non-HDL cholesterol (difference in mean change = 0.18 mmol/l; 95%CI 0.11-0.25, p for interaction≤0.0001) and a smaller increase in HDL cholesterol (difference in mean change = 0.04 mmol/l; 95%CI 0.02-0.06, p for interaction≤0.0001). However, mean systolic BP declined more in manual than non-manual groups (difference in mean change = 3.6; 95%CI 2.1-5.1, p for interaction≤0.0001). The odds of being a current smoker in 1978-80 and 1998-2000 did not differ between non-manual and manual social classes (p for interaction = 0.51). CONCLUSION: Several key risk factors for CHD and type 2 diabetes showed less favourable changes in men in manual occupations. Continuing priority is needed to improve adverse cardiovascular risk profiles in socially disadvantaged groups in the UK.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: ©2011 Ramsay et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Keywords: Adult, Body Mass Index, Cholesterol, Cohort Studies, Coronary Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Follow-Up Studies, Great Britain, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupations, Risk Factors, Smoking, Social Class, Science & Technology, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Science & Technology - Other Topics, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS, HEALTH INEQUALITIES, EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, BLOOD-PRESSURE, HEART-DISEASE, POPULATION, CHOLESTEROL, MORTALITY, SMOKING
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH)
Journal or Publication Title: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
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Dates:
DateEvent
13 May 2011Published
Web of Science ID: WOS:000290558500028
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URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/776
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019742

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