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Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated With Venous Thromboembolism.

Gregson, J; Kaptoge, S; Bolton, T; Pennells, L; Willeit, P; Burgess, S; Bell, S; Sweeting, M; Rimm, EB; Kabrhel, C; et al. Gregson, J; Kaptoge, S; Bolton, T; Pennells, L; Willeit, P; Burgess, S; Bell, S; Sweeting, M; Rimm, EB; Kabrhel, C; Zöller, B; Assmann, G; Gudnason, V; Folsom, AR; Arndt, V; Fletcher, A; Norman, PE; Nordestgaard, BG; Kitamura, A; Mahmoodi, BK; Whincup, PH; Knuiman, M; Salomaa, V; Meisinger, C; Koenig, W; Kavousi, M; Völzke, H; Cooper, JA; Ninomiya, T; Casiglia, E; Rodriguez, B; Ben-Shlomo, Y; Després, J-P; Simons, L; Barrett-Connor, E; Björkelund, C; Notdurfter, M; Kromhout, D; Price, J; Sutherland, SE; Sundström, J; Kauhanen, J; Gallacher, J; Beulens, JWJ; Dankner, R; Cooper, C; Giampaoli, S; Deen, JF; Gómez de la Cámara, A; Kuller, LH; Rosengren, A; Svensson, PJ; Nagel, D; Crespo, CJ; Brenner, H; Albertorio-Diaz, JR; Atkins, R; Brunner, EJ; Shipley, M; Njølstad, I; Lawlor, DA; van der Schouw, YT; Selmer, RM; Trevisan, M; Verschuren, WMM; Greenland, P; Wassertheil-Smoller, S; Lowe, GDO; Wood, AM; Butterworth, AS; Thompson, SG; Danesh, J; Di Angelantonio, E; Meade, T; Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (2019) Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated With Venous Thromboembolism. JAMA Cardiol, 4 (2). pp. 163-173. ISSN 2380-6591 https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4537
SGUL Authors: Whincup, Peter Hynes

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Abstract

Importance: It is uncertain to what extent established cardiovascular risk factors are associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Objective: To estimate the associations of major cardiovascular risk factors with VTE, ie, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study included individual participant data mostly from essentially population-based cohort studies from the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (ERFC; 731 728 participants; 75 cohorts; years of baseline surveys, February 1960 to June 2008; latest date of follow-up, December 2015) and the UK Biobank (421 537 participants; years of baseline surveys, March 2006 to September 2010; latest date of follow-up, February 2016). Participants without cardiovascular disease at baseline were included. Data were analyzed from June 2017 to September 2018. Exposures: A panel of several established cardiovascular risk factors. Main Outcomes and Measures: Hazard ratios (HRs) per 1-SD higher usual risk factor levels (or presence/absence). Incident fatal outcomes in ERFC (VTE, 1041; coronary heart disease [CHD], 25 131) and incident fatal/nonfatal outcomes in UK Biobank (VTE, 2321; CHD, 3385). Hazard ratios were adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, diabetes, and body mass index (BMI). Results: Of the 731 728 participants from the ERFC, 403 396 (55.1%) were female, and the mean (SD) age at the time of the survey was 51.9 (9.0) years; of the 421 537 participants from the UK Biobank, 233 699 (55.4%) were female, and the mean (SD) age at the time of the survey was 56.4 (8.1) years. Risk factors for VTE included older age (ERFC: HR per decade, 2.67; 95% CI, 2.45-2.91; UK Biobank: HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.71-1.92), current smoking (ERFC: HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.20-1.58; UK Biobank: HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08-1.40), and BMI (ERFC: HR per 1-SD higher BMI, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.35-1.50; UK Biobank: HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.32-1.41). For these factors, there were similar HRs for pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis in UK Biobank (except adiposity was more strongly associated with pulmonary embolism) and similar HRs for unprovoked vs provoked VTE. Apart from adiposity, these risk factors were less strongly associated with VTE than CHD. There were inconsistent associations of VTEs with diabetes and blood pressure across ERFC and UK Biobank, and there was limited ability to study lipid and inflammation markers. Conclusions and Relevance: Older age, smoking, and adiposity were consistently associated with higher VTE risk.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License (https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/pages/instructions-for-authors#SecOpenAccess). © 2019 Gregson J et al. JAMA Cardiology.
Keywords: Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH)
Journal or Publication Title: JAMA Cardiol
ISSN: 2380-6591
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
February 2019Published
16 January 2019Published Online
15 November 2018Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
G0800270Medical Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265
SP/09/002British Heart Foundationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000274
268834European Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781
HEALTH-F2-2012-279233Seventh Framework Programmehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004963
PubMed ID: 30649175
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/110575
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4537

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