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Ambient air pollution and the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents: A worldwide ecological analysis

Butland, BK; Anderson, HR; van Donkelaar, A; Fuertes, E; Brauer, M; Brunekreef, B; Martin, RV; the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group (2018) Ambient air pollution and the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents: A worldwide ecological analysis. Air Quality Atmosphere and Health, 11 (7). pp. 755-764. ISSN 1873-9318 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-018-0582-4
SGUL Authors: Anderson, Hugh Ross Butland, Barbara Karen

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Abstract

Whether exposure to outdoor air pollution increases the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in children is unclear. Using data from Phase Three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in childhood (ISAAC), we investigated associations of rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence in adolescents with model-based estimates of ozone, and satellite-based estimates of fine (diameter < 2.5 μm) particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Information on rhinoconjunctivitis (defined as self-reported nose symptoms without a cold or flu accompanied by itchy watery eyes in the past 12 months) was available on 505,400 children aged 13–14 years, in 183 centres in 83 countries. Centre-level prevalence estimates were calculated and linked geographically with estimates of long-term average concentrations of NO2, ozone and PM2.5. Multi-level models were fitted adjusting for population density, climate, sex and gross national income. Information on parental smoking, truck traffic and cooking fuel was available for a restricted set of centres (77 in 36 countries). Between centres within countries, the estimated change in rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence per 100 children was 0.171 (95% confidence interval: − 0.013, 0.354) per 10% increase in PM2.5, 0.096 (− 0.003, 0.195) per 10% increase in NO2 and − 0.186 (− 0.390, 0.018) per 1 ppbV increase in ozone. Between countries, rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence was significantly negatively associated with both ozone and PM2.5. In the restricted dataset, the latter association became less negative following adjustment for parental smoking and open fires for cooking. In conclusion, there were no significant within-country associations of rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence with study pollutants. Negative between-country associations with PM2.5 and ozone require further investigation.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Keywords: 1117 Public Health And Health Services
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH)
Journal or Publication Title: Air Quality Atmosphere and Health
ISSN: 1873-9318
Dates:
DateEvent
August 2018Published
23 June 2018Published Online
30 April 2018Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/109770
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-018-0582-4

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