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What Is the Origin of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 398 Isolates from Humans without Livestock Contact? An Epidemiological and Genetic Analysis.

Lekkerkerk, WSN; van Wamel, WJB; Snijders, SV; Willems, RJ; van Duijkeren, E; Broens, EM; Wagenaar, JA; Lindsay, JA; Vos, MC (2015) What Is the Origin of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 398 Isolates from Humans without Livestock Contact? An Epidemiological and Genetic Analysis. J Clin Microbiol, 53 (6). pp. 1836-1841. ISSN 1098-660X https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02702-14
SGUL Authors: Lindsay, Jodi Anne

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Abstract

Fifteen percent of all methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 398 (CC398) human carriers detected in The Netherlands had not been in direct contact with pigs or veal calves. To ensure low MRSA prevalence, it is important to investigate the likely origin of this MRSA of unknown origin (MUO). Recently, it was shown that CC398 strains originating from humans and animals differ in the presence of specific mobile genetic elements (MGEs). We hypothesized that determining these specific MGEs in MUO isolates and comparing them with a set of CC398 isolates of various known origin might provide clues to their origin. MUO CC398 isolates were compared to MRSA CC398 isolates obtained from humans with known risk factors, a MRSA CC398 outbreak isolate, livestock associated (LA) MRSA CC398 isolates from pigs, horses, chickens, and veal calves, and five methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) CC398 isolates of known human origin. All strains were spa typed, and the presence or absence of, scn, chp, φ3 int, φ6 int, φ7 int, rep7, rep27, and cadDX was determined by PCRs. The MRSA CC398 in humans, MUO, or MRSA of known origin (MKO) resembled MRSA CC398 as found in pigs and not MSSA CC398 as found in humans. The distinct human MSSA CC398 spa type, t571, was not present among our MRSA CC398 strains; MRSA CC398 was tetracycline resistant and carried no φ3 bacteriophage with scn and chp. We showed by simple PCR means that human MUO CC398 carriers carried MRSA from livestock origin, suggestive of indirect transmission. Although the exact transmission route remains unknown, direct human-to-human transmission remains a possibility as well.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Keywords: Animals, Cattle, Chickens, Cohort Studies, Horses, Humans, Incidence, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcal Infections, Swine, Animals, Chickens, Cattle, Swine, Horses, Humans, Staphylococcal Infections, Incidence, Cohort Studies, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 06 Biological Sciences, 07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Microbiology
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Infection and Immunity Research Institute (INII)
Journal or Publication Title: J Clin Microbiol
ISSN: 1098-660X
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
June 2015Published
14 May 2015Published Online
14 March 2015Accepted
Publisher License: Publisher's own licence
PubMed ID: 25809975
Web of Science ID: WOS:000358284600008
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/108706
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02702-14

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