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Post-mortem assessment in vascular dementia: advances and aspirations.

McAleese, KE; Alafuzoff, I; Charidimou, A; De Reuck, J; Grinberg, LT; Hainsworth, AH; Hortobagyi, T; Ince, P; Jellinger, K; Gao, J; et al. McAleese, KE; Alafuzoff, I; Charidimou, A; De Reuck, J; Grinberg, LT; Hainsworth, AH; Hortobagyi, T; Ince, P; Jellinger, K; Gao, J; Kalaria, RN; Kovacs, GG; Kövari, E; Love, S; Popovic, M; Skrobot, O; Taipa, R; Thal, DR; Werring, D; Wharton, SB; Attems, J (2016) Post-mortem assessment in vascular dementia: advances and aspirations. BMC Medicine, 14 (1). p. 129. ISSN 1741-7015 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-016-0676-5
SGUL Authors: Hainsworth, Atticus Henry

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular lesions are a frequent finding in the elderly population. However, the impact of these lesions on cognitive performance, the prevalence of vascular dementia, and the pathophysiology behind characteristic in vivo imaging findings are subject to controversy. Moreover, there are no standardised criteria for the neuropathological assessment of cerebrovascular disease or its related lesions in human post-mortem brains, and conventional histological techniques may indeed be insufficient to fully reflect the consequences of cerebrovascular disease. DISCUSSION: Here, we review and discuss both the neuropathological and in vivo imaging characteristics of cerebrovascular disease, prevalence rates of vascular dementia, and clinico-pathological correlations. We also discuss the frequent comorbidity of cerebrovascular pathology and Alzheimer's disease pathology, as well as the difficult and controversial issue of clinically differentiating between Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mixed Alzheimer's disease/vascular dementia. Finally, we consider additional novel approaches to complement and enhance current post-mortem assessment of cerebral human tissue. CONCLUSION: Elucidation of the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease, clarification of characteristic findings of in vivo imaging and knowledge about the impact of combined pathologies are needed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of clinical diagnoses.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © 2016 The Author(s). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Keywords: Cerebrovascular disease, Cerebrovascular lesions, Magnetic resonance imaging, Mixed dementia, Neuropathology, Post-mortem MRI, Vascular cognitive impairment, Vascular dementia, General & Internal Medicine, 11 Medical And Health Sciences
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute (MCS)
Journal or Publication Title: BMC Medicine
ISSN: 1741-7015
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
26 August 2016Published
19 August 2016Accepted
Publisher License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
P50AG023501National Institutes of Healthhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002
R01 AG040311National Institutes of Healthhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002
G0400074Medical Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265
PubMed ID: 27600683
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/108253
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-016-0676-5

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