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The impact of HIV exposure and maternal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on infant immune responses to bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination.

Jones, CE; Hesseling, AC; Tena-Coki, NG; Scriba, TJ; Chegou, NN; Kidd, M; Wilkinson, RJ; Kampmann, B (2015) The impact of HIV exposure and maternal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on infant immune responses to bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination. AIDS, 29 (2). pp. 155-165. ISSN 1473-5571 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000536
SGUL Authors: Jones, Christine Elizabeth

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the effect of maternal HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection on cellular responses to bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunization. DESIGN: A mother-infant cohort study. METHODS: Samples were collected from mother-infant pairs at delivery. Infants were BCG-vaccinated at 6 weeks of age and a repeat blood sample was collected from infants at 16 weeks of age. BCG-specific T-cell proliferation and intracellular cytokine expression were measured by flow cytometry. Secreted cytokines and chemokines in cell culture supernatants were analysed using a Multiplex assay. RESULTS: One hundred and nine (47 HIV-exposed and 62 HIV-unexposed) mother-infants pairs were recruited after delivery and followed longitudinally. At birth, proportions of mycobacteria-specific proliferating T cells were not associated with either in-utero HIV exposure or maternal Mtb sensitization. However, in-utero HIV exposure affected infant-specific T-cell subsets [tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) single positive proliferating CD4⁺ T cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), TNF-α dual-positive CD4⁺ T cells]. Levels of TNF-α protein in cell culture supernatants were also significantly higher in HIV-exposed infants born to Mtb-sensitized mothers. In the presence of maternal Mtb sensitization, frequencies of maternal and newborn BCG-specific proliferating CD4⁺ T cells were positively correlated. Following BCG vaccination, there was no demonstrable effect of HIV exposure or maternal Mtb infection on infant BCG-specific T-cell proliferative responses or concentrations of secreted cytokines and chemokines. CONCLUSION: Effects of maternal HIV and Mtb infection on infant immune profiles at birth are transient only, and HIV-exposed, noninfected infants have the same potential to respond to and be protected by BCG vaccination as HIV-unexposed infants.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords: bacille Calmette-Guerin, HIV infection, HIV-exposed, immunogenicity, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, uninfected infants, vaccination, Virology, 06 Biological Sciences, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, 17 Psychology And Cognitive Sciences
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Infection and Immunity Research Institute (INII)
Journal or Publication Title: AIDS
ISSN: 1473-5571
Language: eng
Dates:
DateEvent
14 January 2015Published
Projects:
Project IDFunderFunder ID
100693Wellcome TrustUNSPECIFIED
PubMed ID: 25535752
Web of Science ID: WOS:000347149900003
Go to PubMed abstract
URI: https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/107319
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000536

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